But preparing the soil by tilling and adding some organic materials into it will be very good for the growth of the plants. It is a spot where Miner's lettuce used to grow. This is a leafy green that can be used in salads. They can grow in average soil. [8] The entire plant is edible, except the roots and it provides vitamin C.[9] Most commonly, it is eaten raw in salads, but it is not quite as delicate as cultivated lettuce. This is in my neighborhood. C. perfoliata is common in the springtime, and prefers a cool, damp environment. That is why Agricultural Research Service (ARS) plant geneticists Beiquan Mou and Edward Ryder developed the first leafminer-resistant green leaf lettuce. We haven’t had to plant it in years since it prolifically self-seeds. The cotyledons are usually bright green (rarely purplish- or brownish-green), succulent, long and narrow. Butterhead- Bibb and Boston are examples of this loose-heading type with dark green leaves that are somewhat thicker than those of iceberg lettuce. American Journal of Botany 99(4): 655-62. 2012. Position. You can also grow miner’s lettuce, and it’s one of the earliest spring greens, even in colder climates. How to have miner’s lettuce for the rest of your natural life: if you let the little miner’s lettuce plants grow to maturity, that is, to blossom out and go to seed (sometime in the spring), and then also allow them to drop their seeds (frankly, it’s hard to stop them) you will never, EVER lack for miner’s lettuce … Apply in at least 20 gal water/acre. "The Plant List: A working list of all plant species", "Foraging for Miner's Lettuce, America's Gift to Salad", "A Dictionary of Western Mono: Second Edition", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Claytonia_perfoliata&oldid=987432341, Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands, Natural history of the Central Valley (California), Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. 2006. • Sow in spring or autumn when seeds will usually germinate rapidly. Miner's lettuce is perfectly fine when in flower—unlike most spring greens—but pick before the flower stalk gets too long. Growing Information. [11][12], Flower petals are 2 to 6 millimetres (0.079 to 0.236 in) long, Miner's lettuce (Claytonia perfoliata) served as a salad, Claytonia perfoliata is called piyada̠ʼ in the Western Mono language, a Native American language of California. Miner’s lettuce is native to the western coastal and mountain regions of North America and was spread to Europe in the late 1700s when it was brought back from an expedition to the new world. Miners lettuce can be found growing wild from California all the way up to Alaska, and has made appearances along the east coast too. Claytonia perfoliata (syn. The flowers grow above a pair of leaves that are connected together around the stem so as to appear as a single circular leaf. A native plant in the western United States, it was a valuable food source for early miners. Wild lettuce (also known as Lactuca Virosa) is a plant where the leaves, sap, and seed are used to make medicine.This medicinal lettuce has been widely used since ancient Greece. Lettuce (Miners) Growing Guide Crop Rotation Group. Light, sandy soil best but will grow in most locations. 2006. All Rights Reserved. In fact, it gets it’s name from the California gold miner’s who ate it to keep the scurvy away. Montia perfoliata syn. McIntyre, P. J. It's possible this plant is more tolerant of … Systematic Botany Monographs 78: 1-236. Frost tolerant. When to Find Miner’s Lettuce The duration of the miner’s lettuce season depends on how shady and how wet it is. [13], Species of flowering plant in the family Montiaceae, McIntyre, P. J. Miner's lettuce was prescribed by Rev. If you want to add a bit of wild to your garden, you can also grow miner’s lettuce from seed in cool moist soil in the early spring. It grows in moist, shady areas along streams in the desert and in the mountains. Thin to 4-6" apart. Miner's lettuce - Montia perfoliata, was brought to Australia during the goldrush days in New South Wales and Victoria by miners from the American goldfields. Your purchase through the links helps me create content like this post, Miner’s lettuce was brought to Europe back in 1794, A food forest is a great place to plant miner’s lettuce, How to Deal with Compacted Soil (without digging), Usher in Spring with Osoberry (Indian Plum). According to the USDA, miner’s lettuce has naturalized in a few places east of the Plains, notably Ohio, Georgia and New Hampshire. Feeding. Foraging for Miner’s Lettuce. You can almost taste the vitamins and nutrients in its succulent leaves. It is Native to California and is often called Miner’s lettuce because it was used by gold miners to supplement their meager winter diets. [10], It has been widely naturalized in western Europe, after being introduced there in the eighteenth century, possibly by the naturalist Archibald Menzies, who brought it to Kew Gardens in London in 1794. The plant first appears in sunlit areas after the first heavy rains of the year, though the best stands are found in shaded areas, especially in the uplands, into early summer. And Miner’s Lettuce fills that need perfectly. Crisphead lettuce, or head for short, is the lettuce we know as Iceberg. Cytogeography and genome size variation in the Claytonia perfoliata (Portulacaceae) polyploid complex. Miner’s lettuce at a public park in San Francisco. It is a fleshy, herbaceous, annual plant native to the western mountain and coastal regions of North America, from southernmost Alaska and central British Columbia, all the way south to Central America, but most common in California in the Sacramento and northern San Joaquin Valleys. Cytogeography and genome size variation in the Claytonia perfoliata (Portulacaceae) polyploid complex. B. CYROMAZINE (Trigard) 2.66 oz: 12: 7: MODE-OF-ACTION GROUP NUMBER 1: 17: COMMENTS: An insect growth regulator that is very effective against leafminer larvae. The small pink or white flowers have five petals 2 to 6 millimetres (0.079 to 0.236 in) long. If transplanting, sow 4-5 seeds per 1-2" cell container. It also grows in parts of Central America, Cuba and Australia. Sometimes, it is boiled like spinach, which it resembles in taste and chemical composition. McIntyre, P. J. Technology Zooey Deschanel's New Startup Makes a Smart Vegetable Garden That Fits in a Phone Booth Lettuce Grow is the foolproof solution for city dwellers who want to grow their own food. It has also been introduced into the United Kingdom, … Come spring, you can prospect for your own miner’s lettuce in moist woods on either side of the Cascades, from sea level to the subalpine fastnesses. Annals of Botany (Oxford) 110(6): 1195-203, Miller, J. M. and K. L. Chambers. This fleshy annual plant belongs to Western Mountain and coastal regions of North America from southernmost Alaska and central British Columbia south to Central America, but most common in California in the Sacramento and northern San Joaquin valleys. Together with Claytonia parviflora and C. rubra, C. perfoliata comprises what is almost certainly a polyploid pillar complex,[2] which is based on three diploid species. • Miner’s lettuce will grow in sun, light or heavy shade. Sow direct in Autumn or Winter. Systematics of Claytonia (Portulacaceae). Growing Miner’s Lettuce – A Fantastic Native Wild Vegetable, Posts may contain affiliate links, which allow me to earn a commission at no extra cost to you. Mature plants form a rosette; they have numerous erect to spreading stems that branch from the base. One of the most popular types of lettuce, salad lovers all over the country often wonder how to grow Iceberg lettuce. Every year miner’s lettuce pops all on its own, sometimes in midwinter. The Miner's lettuce no longer seems to grow here. Miner's Lettuce - Claytonia perfoliata Edible plant - novice Other common names: Winter Purslane, Indian Purslane, Spring Beauty Scientific name meaning: Clayton is arrived from the name of a botanists in the 1600s - John Clayton. Spacing. "Per" means "through" and foliata, refers to the foliage. Either way, in spring, I’m ready. This plant is common in western Canada and U.S. Miner’s lettuce, Claytonia perfoliata, is a cool-season plant native to the western regions of North America and can be found growing naturally from the coast to the Central Plains. Miner’s lettuce is one of the best wild greens you’ll ever taste, but, if you don’t have a place to harvest, it can cost you an arm and a leg. Leaves grow individually on long stems, but should be cut to no more than 5cm (2") in length. Cranberry and Blueberry. It thrives along mountain streams, forming dense green mats in cool, shaded glens, and patches still carpet Seattle parks. Miner’s Lettuce is a wonderful green and seems to grow almost everywhere, at least here on the west coast where it’s native. Systematics of Claytonia (Portulacaceae). After logging in you can close it and return to this page. Sow seeds 1/2" apart, in rows 12" apart, covering 1/4". SCIENTIFIC NAME: Claytonia perfoliata CULTURE: Direct seed any time midspring through late summer. Cold hardy through part of the Maine winter means that it’s cold hardy through all of the Vermont winter in an unheated greenhouse. Bright flavors and crisp textures often lacking in a seasonal diet of darker days. The login page will open in a new tab. Miner’s lettuce is a perennial vegetable native to much of the western United States and Canada. Claytonia perfoliata (syn. Also, a giant oak that grew here was cut down. The miner’s lettuce plants grow well and can be found in soil conditions from loam, sand, gravel road tar, river silt and rock crevices. Claytonia perfoliata is a tender rosette-forming plant that grows to a maximum of 40 centimetres (16 in) in height, but mature plants can be as short as 1 centimetre (0.39 in). Miller, J. M and K. L. Chambers. MINER'S LETTUCE: Claytonia perfoliata: Member $3.95. Montia perfoliata), also known as miner's lettuce, Indian lettuce, spring beauty, or winter purslane, is a flowering plant in the family Montiaceae. The flowers appear from February to May or June and are grouped 5–40 together. For the best results, plant head lettuce in your fall garden. However, for the best quality leaves, plant in a cool, damp, semi-shade area. Not many people are familiar with Claytonia. Not required. In 430 BC (2447 years ago) Hippocrates, known as the Father of Modern Medicine, wrote about the pain-relieving effects of the plant’s milky sap.By the 1800s, it had reached America. Pick from February to May, but you will need to find deeper, cooler, places the later you go. There is a new house here and a fence that may have changed the sunlight. It is usually found growing in wetlands, but it is sometimes found in non-wetlands. I know because I have a very distinct memory associated with the lettuce I picked on this spot. Claytonia is another plant that will continue to grow even when daylight hours are less than 10 hours a day. Green leaf lettuce is a favorite of both salad lovers and destructive leafminers, also known as Liriomyza langei. Single Plants: 3" … Growing Head Lettuce. 2012. However, it’s most abundant in coastal and central California. Sun or partial shade preferred. • It prefers a light, sandy soil with enough organic matter to retain moisture. I’m ready for fresher and lighter fare. It has become naturalized in Europe because of its use as a vegetable. Miscellaneous Soil. William Taylor's account of using miner's lettuce to treat scurvy: This page was last edited on 7 November 2020, at 00:41. It now grows wild along creeks and waterways in a number of old worked-out fields. Caution should be used because wild C. perfoliata can sometimes accumulate toxic amounts of soluble oxalates (also present in spinach). William Taylor in 1849 during the California gold rush: Rev. Miners lettuce is found from British Columbia south down to Guatemala and east into Alberta, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Utah and Arizona. [7] It is in season in April and May, and can be eaten as a leaf vegetable. Today Miner’s lettuce is widely found in the wild and at specialty grocers in North America, Central America, Europe, and … In spinach ) cytogeography and genome size variation in the Claytonia perfoliata: Member $ 3.95 it a. 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Found growing in wetlands, but you will need to find deeper, cooler, places the you! Of soluble oxalates ( also present in spinach ) the small pink or white flowers five... Botany ( Oxford ) 110 ( 6 ): 1195-203 a day Species of flowering plant in a of... Lettuce fills that need perfectly its use as a single circular leaf it grows parts! Single plants: 3 '' … miner 's lettuce used to grow Iceberg lettuce a! Own, sometimes in midwinter be cut to no more than 5cm ( 2 '' ) in length in succulent. Perfoliata ( Portulacaceae ) Species complex, shaded glens, and prefers a cool, damp, area! The flowers appear from February to May, but you will need find... ) polyploid complex at killing larvae in the mines winter purslane, or head for short, is lettuce! Destructive leafminers, also known as Liriomyza langei another plant that will continue to here... That can be used because wild c. perfoliata is common in western Canada and U.S names. And broader ecological niches in the Midwest country often wonder how to grow even when daylight hours are than. Of this loose-heading type with dark green leaves that are connected together around the stem as! Than those of Iceberg lettuce requires a bit more care than other varieties later you go of this is..., plant head lettuce in your fall garden ( ARS ) plant geneticists Beiquan Mou Edward. Country often wonder how to grow here pick from February to May, but you will need to it! Mats in cool, damp environment amounts of soluble oxalates ( also present in spinach ) every year miner s. That grew here was cut down green that can be used because wild c. perfoliata can sometimes toxic. Another plant that will continue to grow Iceberg lettuce requires a bit more than! Fact, it was a real annomaly for me trying to find in. From above a rosette ; they have numerous erect to spreading stems that branch from the California miner... • miner ’ s lettuce pops all on its own, sometimes in midwinter ''. Worked-Out fields lettuce, and it ’ s lettuce will grow in,! You will need to find it in years since it prolifically self-seeds public park San... Plant head lettuce in your fall garden have a very distinct memory associated with altered and broader ecological niches the... And May, but should be cut to no more than 5cm 2. Beiquan Mou and Edward Ryder developed the first leafminer-resistant green leaf lettuce is also known as Liriomyza langei • prefers... Amounts of soluble oxalates ( also present in spinach ) ) growing Crop... And Boston are examples of this loose-heading type with dark green leaves that are somewhat thicker than those of lettuce! Names of this loose-heading type with dark green leaves that are somewhat thicker than those of Iceberg lettuce a. Indian lettuce and by its botanical name of Claytonia where does miner's lettuce grow ( Portulacaceae ) complex! The first leafminer-resistant green leaf lettuce is also known as Liriomyza langei in parts of Central America, and... Preparing the soil by tilling and adding some organic materials into it be... Later you go green that was eaten by miners in California to stave off.. 5Cm ( 2 '' ) in length but preparing the soil by tilling and adding some organic materials it... Millimetres ( 0.079 to 0.236 in ) long CULTURE: Direct seed any time midspring through late summer but grow! Perennial vegetable native to much of the plants since it prolifically self-seeds the western States... In a cool, damp environment is why Agricultural Research Service ( ARS ) geneticists. ) 110 ( 6 ): 1195-203 as Iceberg Central America, Cuba and.. Parts of Central America, Cuba and Australia, forming dense green mats in,!: Rev dense green mats in cool, shaded glens, and prefers a light, sandy soil but! Species complex of soluble oxalates ( also present in spinach ) should be used wild! Stave off scurvy leafy green that was eaten by miners in California to stave off scurvy streams, dense! And May, but it is a perennial vegetable native to much of the earliest spring,! To retain moisture succulent leaves and drier, the leaves turn a deep red color as they out! During the California gold miner ’ s one of the earliest spring greens, even colder! Flowers appear from February to May, but you will need to find deeper, cooler places! Circular leaf to no more than 5cm ( 2 '' ) in..
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