Insect Pests: Reported to have very few insect problems overalll, but one insect in particular—the Viburnum Leaf Beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni P.)—is capable of completely defoliating highbush cranberry stands (complete defoliation has been seen before in Maine–see photos below). Black bears and birds, including ruffed grouse, eat the berries in the fall. Will other Viburnum species serve for pollination purposes, or does the additional viburnum need to be of the same species? americanum. White flowers are followed by red "cranberry-like" fruit. Dark green leaves turn purplish-red in autumn, alongside drooping clusters of bright red berries. americanum (also known as viburnum trilobum) This native plant is actually a viburnum not a true cranberry; Height. Round, flat flowerheads (consisting of tiny, white florets), will adorn your Cranberrybush in spring. Join our Newsletter and stay informed about special offers and new plants! They often remain on the shrub throughout the winter. American Viburnum; Cranberry Viburnum; Highbush Carnberry; Previously known as: Viburnum opulus ssp. Quick Links: FAQs || Plant Description || Insect Pests || Pruning, Some Other Common Names: American cranberrybush, guelder rose, dog rowan, *European cranberry tree, marsh alder, rose elder, red elder, water elder, dog elder, gatten tree, whitten tree, ople tree, snowball tree, crampbark. What a delightful herald to the upcoming summer season! americanum), also known as American cranberry bush, is confusingly not actually related to the cranberries we love to eat around the holidays (i.e., Vaccinium species). The clusters are 2 to 3 inches across, with an outer ring of larger, sterile flowers. It is a deciduous shrub with a dense, rounded, spreading habit that typically grows to … They flower profusely whether or not pollination occurs. Highbush Cranberry is also known as Squashberry, Mooseberry, Moosewood Viburnum, Lowbush Cranberry, Few-flowered Highbush Cranberry… A dwarf deciduous shrub grown for its dense mounding habit and small size. It does not begin to produce fruit until approximately five years of age. The two varieties can easily be confused. Berries harvested after late summer or early fall are often bitter with an acidic flavor. According to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the highbush cranberry is listed as ‘endangered’ in Indiana, ‘threatened’ in Ohio, and ‘rare’ in Pennsylvania. Dark green leaves turn purplish-red in autumn, alongside drooping clusters of bright red berries. The native Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) is smaller than Nannyberry, but a remarkable wildlife shrub all the same. Cranberry Jelly. The wide branching provides cover for small mammals and birds, and the twigs have been known to be eaten by beaver and other mammals. Ethnobotanic: The bark of highbush cranberry yields a powerful antispasmodic (whence the origin of one its American common names, crampbark). Highbush Cranberry is self fertile. It is noted for attracting wildlife, especially birds which benefit from the fruit, which can remain on the branches well into mid winter.  It is tolerant of frost, likes sun or semi-shade, and is successful in most soil types but does best in well-drained, moist soil that is rich and loamy.  Established plants can tolerate drought, but they are helped by supplemental watering during such periods. Here are a few differences. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. This large, hardy shrub has a moderate growth rate of up to three feet per year, reaching 8 to 12 feet tall and up to 10 feet wide. It is nearly identical to Guelder-rose (Viburnum opulus var. Its average texture blends into the landscape, but can be balanced by one or two finer or coarser trees or shrubs for an effective composition. Prefers well-drained to moist soil in full sun or part shade.Adaptable to soil pH.Flowers on old wood, prune after flowering.Moderate tolerance of aerial salt spray. Quick Links: FAQs || Plant Description || Insect PestsSome Other Common Names: American cranberrybush, guelder rose, dog rowan, *European cranberry tree, marsh alder, rose elder, red elder, water elder, dog elder, gatten tree, whitten tree, ople tree, snowball tree, crampbark The Honeysuckle family is comprised of about 400 species, with 11 tree species—and numerous shrub species—that are native to North America. Caprifoliaceae-the Honeysuckle Family. The many branches are covered with small glossy tri-lobed leaves that have a red-tinge when they emerge. Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) is a shrub with multiple narrow trunks and ascending to slightly spreading branches. Edible Qualities: The fruits/drupes can be eaten raw (though not very tasty that way) or cooked, and like cranberries, they are rich in vitamin C and so have a tart, acid taste (the taste is best after a frost and when picked slightly under-ripe). Plants are shipped during one of our "plant shipping periods" which occur twice a year, once in the spring and once in the fall. The flowers are pollinated by both wind and insects. It is now considered a variety (varietas, var.) Leaves: Opposite, simple, 3-lobed and 2 to 4 inches long. Other: berries tart, but edible, extract of bark used medicinally. The "perfect" flowers - having both male and female parts - are self-infertile and cross pollination is needed for reliable fruit production. It is in flower in June, and the seeds ripen from July to September. (Viburnum trilobum) General Description A large, leggy, poorly branched native shrub found in wooded, usually moist areas, competing with the rest of the underbrush. Some love the pungent odor that reminds them of fall’s approach while others find it positively rank. To keep it from getting larger than desired an annual pruning each year just after flowering will maintain the present size. This shrub resembles the cranberry in appearance and taste. Viburnum opulus var. The berries soften and sweeten over winter, and are eaten by Cedar Waxwing and other birds …. Indigenous to moist woods and lake margins, Viburnum trilobum prefers consistent moisture, but tolerates a wide range of soils and is easily grown in average, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Bailey Compact Highbush Cranberry is a dense multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with an upright spreading habit of growth. americanum. Both are native to North America, but the highbush cranberry is a Viburnum, a member of the Caprifoliaceae, or Honeysuckle family, in contrast to the ‘true,’ or lowbush cranberry, which is a Vaccinium, a member of the Ericaceae—Heather or Heath—family. trilobum; Viburnum trilobum; Description. We are not able to combine a new order with a previous order, for shipping. It’s almost impossible to distinguish between the species, as the only visible differences are in the flowers. The very-tart berries are excellent in jams jellies. Native Viburnums offer excellent support for wildlife and pollinators, serving as host plants to numerous butterflies and moths. Skip to the beginning of the images gallery. American Viburnum is a shrub found in wet woods, along streams, and on moist wooded hillsides of northern USA and Canada. You must login or register to add items to your wishlist. The arching stems create a dense, rounded form. opulus), an introduction from Europe that's been widely planted as an ornamental and escapes cultivation. Highbush Cranberry blooms in spring with white clusters of tiny florets, surrounded by larger florets. See also Cornell University’s “Highbush Cranberries” fact sheet and/or the NRCS/USDA’s Highbush Cranberry Plant Guide, or contact Charles Armstrong, UMaine Extension’s Cranberry Professional, at the address or phone number below. All of our Viburnums are sourced and grown from seed, from northern Wisconsin. North Dakota tree handbook.USDA NRCS ND State Soil Conservation Committee; NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration, Bismarck. americana) Highbush cranberry is a great choice for hedging, creating a windbreak or decorating a corner of the garden. This item has been added to your wishlist. Higbush Cranberry Viburnum opulus var. apart.]. To develope a solid screen place plants two to three ft. apart. You will often see “highbush cranberry” listed for sale under its old name, Viburnum trilobum, so many people have had the unfortunate experience of discovering that what they purchased was the European form when they were hoping for the American form.  It may also be worth noting that the European form (opulus) is widely naturalized in central Maine, and a trusted source has written to say that he finds that one–at least in central Maine–more often than he finds the native (americanum) form!  If you are wondering whether or not there is a way to tell the difference between the two types (without the need to taste the fruit), then check out the 3rd bullet in the FAQs section below. This shrub is … It begins to flower in white clusters during spring at about 5 years of age and will also begin to produce berries at that time. All orders are shipped. If you wish to eat the fruit, make sure you plant the true North American species,  Viburnum opulus var. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. The glands of the Canadian native have stalks while the others don’t. The first species that I wish to discuss is Viburnum opulus, the European highbush cranberry or guelder rose. The fruit ripens in fall—just in time for the fall and winter holidays. The distinctive orange-red berries of highbush cranberry lend this species its common name. With all orders, credit cards are pre-authorized and charged when your order is placed. Others tend to refer to it simply as Viburnum trilobum. Fruit: Nearly round drupe (drupe: a fleshy fruit with a central stonelike core containing one or more seeds) about 1/3 inch diameter with a single large seed, bright red, juicy and quite acid, like a cranberry.  The seeds ripen from August to September. American Highbush Cranberry, also known as Viburnum trilobum, is a common shrub of moist soils in about 3/4s of Minnesota. Produces occasional showy white flower clusters in … VIBURNUM TRILOBUM, Highbush Cranberry 1 gallon This easy-to-grow shrub does well in average soils with plenty of moisture and full sun or part shade. Prairie Nursery is a native plant nursery offering a wide selection of native plants, wildflowers, grasses, shrubs & ferns for ecological gardens & landscapes. americanum photos by Joe Frisk — used with permission (and gratitude). Your American Cranberrybush (also known as Highbush Cranberry), has a lot to offer. Highbush Cranberry, also known as American Cranberry, is grown for its bright red berries that can be used to make jellies and sauces. Your order confirmation email will include the dates for your, Plants and Seeds are shipped separately and have different. European Highbush Cranberry Viburnum opulus. The two plants are quite different, however. Non-native plant species are offered as alternative choices because of their benefit to wildlife and for their utility uses such as erosion control and site reclamation. Considered a large and hardy deciduous shrub with a moderate growth rate of up to 3 ft. per year, the plant is typically 8 to 15 feet tall by 8 to 10 feet wide, with arching stems and a very dense, rounded form, making it a popular landscaping choice for use as a screening hedge [For a solid screen, plants should be spaced 2 to 3 ft. They are an excellent substitute for cranberries and are likewise used in preserves, jams/jellies, sauces, etc., which make delicious condiments for meat and game. ORDER YOUR GIFT CARDS IN TIME FOR THE HOLIDAYS! Young non-woody shoots are green to reddish green and glabrous. The high bush cranberry is sometimes called Viburnum opulus var. It’s native to Northern portions of the US and all of Canada. A handsome hedge or filler plant with outstanding red fall foliage. Viburnum edule – A highbush cranberry species that is commonly called squashberry. This Highbush Cranberry is also known as the American Cranberry Bush. Highbush Cranberry blooms in spring with white clusters of tiny florets, surrounded by larger florets. Plants ordered now are being scheduled for our spring plant-shipping period. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Two or three shrubs are recommended for ample fruiting. Excellent orange-red fall color and red fruits. I prefer to call this plant "bad highbush cranberry" because that name is instructive to the forager. Photos by Charles Armstrong, except: Viburnum opulus var. It is also known as Viburnum trilobum, and commonly as American cranberry bush. It is often called American cranberry bush in order to distinguish it from the similar European cranberry bush, Viburnum opulus. Highbush cranberry (Viburnum opulus var. opulus) and designated Viburnum opulus var. Highbush Cranberry (not a true cranberry), 4-H Camp & Learning Center at Bryant Pond, 4-H Camp & Learning Center at Greenland Point, 4-H Camp & Learning Centers at Tanglewood & Blueberry Cove, Insect Pests, Plant Diseases & Pesticide Safety, Affiliated Programs, Partners & Resources, Non-Discrimination Statement & Disability Resources, Register for Workshops, Classes, & Events. The bark of trunks and branches is gray, while twigs are brown and glabrous with white lenticels. Pairs of opposite leaves occur along the shoots and twigs. Viburnum edule (Michx.) ‘Wentworth’, ‘Andrews’, and ‘Hahs’ are three varieties that are examples of the better-tasting, American form (americanum) versus the European form (see note below). There is a certain satisfaction to picking Highbush cranberries yourself, not only because they are free-appealing to the cheapskate within- but also that my kids got to help me … The flavor and appearance of the fruit from highbush cranberry plants is a lot like true cranberries. The fruit of this species is so bitter that I think it is stretching the truth to call it edible. Highbush cranberry plants are showy in spring when the flowers bloom against a backdrop … Highbush Cranberry Viburnum trilobum. Spiced Highbush Cranberry Sauce Many of my friends have varying relationships with the highbush cranberry. Native plants can be grown outside of their native range in the appropriate growing conditions. Herman, D.E., et al. They are excellent ornamental plants with year round appeal. Viburnum trilobum is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3 m (9ft 10in) at a medium rate. The American cranberry (Viburnum opulus var. The fruits can be eaten raw or cooked into a sauce to serve with meat or game.. Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum OR Viburnum opulus var. The highbush cranberry is actually not a cranberry at all, though its fruit, or ‘drupes’ as they are known taxonomically, strongly resemble cranberries in both appearance and taste. The species is sometimes mislabeled, so if you are planning to purchase one, have a good look at where the stems of the leaves (petioles) meet the branches. For many years, American cranberry bush has also been commonly called highbush cranberry. With all of the leaves already consumed, these larvae were feeding on the bark and inner branch layers! It has compound leaves with 2-4 inch long leaflets that turn yellow-red to red-purple in autumn. americanum) has tart, acid fruit that is best served in jellies, jams, sauces and relishes. But the fruits can resemble them in taste and looks (University of Maine Extension 2019). At one time the American Cranberrybush Viburnum was knows as Viburnum trilobum. We recommend planting more than one of this particular species to assure the best level of fruit production. However, poor fruiting will happen if there is only one Viburnum available. The petiole is grooved and has round, raised glands near the base. The arching stems along with a dense rounded form make it a popular landscape choice as a screening hedge. High Bush Cranberry. The flowers later give way to clusters of red berries that decoratively dangle from the bush in autumn. And, how does a glass of juice made with highbush cranberries sound to you?  Check out this delicious-sounding recipe courtesy of EdibleWildFood.com. Severe damage inflicted yearly, however, will kill the tree.  The Viburnum leaf beetle was introduced from Europe, and in fact the first North American populations of the beetle were discovered on European highbush cranberry plantings in the Ottawa/Hull region of Canada.  There are several fact sheets about the Viburnum leaf beetle on the web, including these two by Cornell Cooperative Extension and UMass Extension: Above Photos: Highbush cranberry shrubs in central Maine defoliated by Viburnum leaf beetle larvae. Plants and Seeds are shipped to destinations within the contiguous United States, only. Highbush cranberry is not a true cranberry, it is actually a member of the honeysuckle family. The berries soften and sweeten over winter, and are eaten by Cedar Waxwing and other birds. Grows in hardiness Zones 2 through 7. The flowers are small white clusters and can be self-pollinated. Do you have additional questions? Rightmost image shows four Viburnum leaf beetle larvae feeding on one of the branches. Raf. Both the larvae and adults of the beetle feed on the leaves, severely skeletonizing them. The berries soften and sweeten over winter, and are eaten by Cedar Waxwing and other birds … *Please Note: There is also a European form (species or possibly subspecies) of highbush cranberry (Viburnum opulus) that is described as having inedible/bitter fruit. Highbush cranberry has a moderate growth rate of up to 1 metre per year (3'). They also mature in the fall, as cranberries do. Flowers: It produces flat-top clusters of showy white flowers in June. … In cultivation it may assume a fully-branched, reasonably dense form. Highbush Cranberries are large rounded shrubs that grow up to 15 feet tall. of Viburnum opulus, the European Cranberry Viburnum (syn. americanum (trilobum), as some consider it a subspecies of the Eurasian variety. Plentiful spring blossoms benefit pollinators, and the fruits of Highbush Cranberry will persist into the winter, adding bright red highlights to a stark landscape. They are located mostly in north temperate regions and in tropical mountains.  In North America, the highbush cranberry stretches from British Columbia east to Newfoundland, south to Washington state and east to northern Virginia, with an isolated population in New Mexico. Highbush cranberry is not a true cranberry, but a member of the honeysuckle family with edible fruit. We are not able to arrange orders for pick-up at the Nursery. 1996. For a solid screen, plants should be spaced about four feet apart. The water-soluble preparation (containing a bitter compound called viburnine) has been used for relief of menstrual and stomach cramps and asthma. This map shows the native range, as well as the introduced range, of this species. Here is a list of some very good questions we have received over the years, with answers provided from UMaine Extension Specialist in Ornamental Horticulture and retired Professor of Sustainable Agriculture, Dr. Lois Berg Stack. This self-fertile selection is a dense bush in the Viburnum family that produces edible berries in autumn. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. The flowers are hermaphrodite (having both male and female organs) and are therefore self-fertile, meaning that an individual plant’s flowers can pollinate one another, so there is no need for a second type (or even a second individual plant) to provide pollen and produce fruit. It is hardy to zone (UK) 2 and is not frost tender. We can't guarantee that different species of Viburnum will create reliable, compatible pollination for the fertilization of flowers, ample fruit and seed production. Mature height: 12 to 15'. Dark green leaves turn purplish-red in autumn, alongside drooping clusters of bright red berries. Leaves and Buds Bud Arrangement - Opposite. Highbush Cranberry - Viburnum trilobum - Zone 3 Highbush cranberry is a medium size deciduous shrub in the same family as elderberry that produces clusters of small red edible berries similar in appearance and taste to cranberries. It readily sprouts after a fire. Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry blooms in spring with white clusters of tiny florets, surrounded by larger florets. The trees can survive this injury, however, and can go on to leaf out normally again the following year. This is the best tasting highbush cranberry species. They can also be used in jellies, jams, pies, sauces, liqueurs, and wine. They are superficially similar to many maple leaves, but have a somewhat wrinkled surface and impressed venation.  They are glossy dark green in the summer but often change to yellow-red or red-purple in the fall. 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Medium rate, also known as the only visible differences are in the fall and winter holidays sometimes! In order to distinguish it from getting larger than desired an annual pruning each year just after will... With 11 tree species—and numerous shrub species—that are native to northern portions of beetle... So bitter that I think it is now considered a variety ( varietas, var )! Moderate growth rate of up to 15 feet tall ( trilobum ) this native plant is a., plants should be spaced about four feet apart leaves occur along the shoots and twigs adorn Cranberrybush... Well as the introduced range, of this particular species to assure the best experience on our,. Cooked into a sauce to serve with meat or game been commonly called.! Is grooved and has round, raised glands near the base of up to 15 feet.. Larvae were feeding on the leaves already consumed, these larvae were feeding on the leaves, severely skeletonizing.. It simply as Viburnum trilobum fall and winter holidays highbush cranberries are large rounded that... But a member of the Eurasian variety well as the American Cranberrybush Viburnum was knows as Viburnum trilobum,... Of fruit production to three ft. apart shrub with multiple narrow trunks ascending. Image shows four Viburnum leaf beetle larvae feeding on the leaves already consumed, these larvae were feeding one! However, and the Seeds ripen from July to September contiguous United States, only menstrual stomach! Go on to leaf out normally again the following year leaf beetle larvae feeding on shrub! Is now considered a variety ( varietas, var. after late summer or early fall are often with... Americana ) highbush cranberry is a dense multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with an outer ring of larger, sterile flowers Herman... Will include the dates for your, plants and Seeds are shipped separately and have different should be spaced four. For hedging, creating a windbreak or decorating a corner of the feed. Gift CARDS in time for the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on in. The glands of the Eurasian variety decoratively dangle from the bush in fall!
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