Leadwood (e), Hardekool (a), imPondondlovu (z), Mohwwelere-tshipi (ns),mmMondzo (tso), Motswiri (setsw), umMondo (Sw), muheri (v). Stipules (basal appendages of the petiole) are absent. Leadwood Tree or Ivory Tree, Combretum imberbe, is a tropical, slow-growing, deciduous tree of about 21 m tall. Trees of southern Africa. Bryant, C. Lombo, B. Its bark cracks in rectangular flakes and the young branches and twigs have hard spines. The presence of the Tree is taken to indicate favourable grazing. Grain PatternKnots and other grain irregularities not uncommon, ColorRich, reddish brown to dark brown, contrasting pale yellow sapwood. Combretum imberbe (Combretaceae). Compare the height and colour with the “acacias” in the foreground. Jacana, Johannesburg. The small, white, puffball flowers, borne from September to March, are very fragrant and attract a myriad of insects and birds. Lawrence, G. H. M, 1951. They also grow in brackish soil and in mixed woodland. Taxonomy of Vascular Plants. Here the height of the tree will have an effect. The dark wood is very hard with a specific gravity of 1.23. It makes fine fencing standards, mine props and railway sleepers. Accessed on 2020/11/30. Long-living some have been dated at over 1,000 years old. Limited volumes can be supplied. Each flower is bisexual and actinomorphic (Regular, symmetrical. The leaves are somewhat leathery and both surfaces have dense silvery scales (photo 360), which are more visible with a hand lens. Combretum imberbe by its Latin name, is from the Combretaceae family and also known as Leadwood, Hardekool, Ummono, Mondzo, Motswiri, Muhiri. They are found in dense cylindrical Spikes (simple indeterminate inflorescence with sessile flowers on a single unbranched stalk) that are up to 10cm long. The 4 Sepals are ovate to triangular. Impala, grey duiker, rodents and giraffe graze the Leaves. It is a long-lived tree (up to 1000 years) and even after it dies, the Leadwood stays impressive with its pale trunk and soaring branches. Fruit is usually indehiscent and may be winged or ridged. It is used for carving, furniture, turnings and other small projects. In this family, there are about 16 genera, which contain about 530 species. It is native from Tanzania south through Mozambique and Zimbabwe to South Africa. Leadwood (Combretum Imberbe): He uses the notoriously difficult wood called ‘leadwood’, or Combretum Imberbe. In the RSA, there are 5 genera and 41 species. It has a spreading canopy and is extremely slow growing. Sapwood is thin and light coloured, whereas the hard heartwood is dark and has an attractive grain. This deciduous tree has leathery Leaves that are opposite or nearly so (photo 116) and approximately elliptic or ovate (shaped like an egg). These Tree are common in alluvial soil in the bushveld (a sub-tropical woodland ecoregion of southern Africa) up to an altitude of 1 200m. More Accounts and Images; ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (COIM2) Wildlife. The tree is not fire resistant and may blaze to full destruction. Family: Combretaceae. Its bark cracks in rectangular flakes and the young branches and twigs have hard spines. They are also known as Ahnenbaum in German, hardekool in Afrikaans as well as its Herero name. Its heartwood is a robust medium to dark brown (sometimes with a reddish tint), and is known to darken with age; sapwood is pale yellow. The magnificent leadwood is a medium to large, semi-deciduous tree, which grows up to 20 m in height. Combretum imberbe Wawra var. Familia: Combretaceae Subfamilia: Combretoideae Tribus: Combreteae Subtribus: Combretinae Genus: Combretum Species: Combretum imberbe petersii (Klotzsch) Engl. Latin: Combretum imberbe Origin: From South Africa to Tanzania Leadwood is generally available in smaller turning stock and is very durable. Family: Combretaceae. Schmidt, S. Lotter, M. & McCleland, W. 2002. The Combretum imberbe is a very tall, high-branching, majestic tree that grows very slowly. Young Branches have opposite twigs, which may be spine-tipped and possess reddish scales (photo 112 under Leaves). These slow growing trees mature as magnificent specimens with a greyish appearance and a spreading canopy. ), where the bush is studded with tall leadwoods that live up to their scientific name; combretum imberbe, meaning “hairless climber”. Summary Table Jump to Category:Creeper Grasses Palm Shrub Succulent Tree Category Common Name Genus… It sandpapers well and takes varnishes and oils well to come up with a high lustrous finish. Boon, R. 2010. The wood drills, sands and turns well and is used for carving. Concern has been expressed about excessive harvesting of this tree. Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lotter, M.C. Combretum imberbe has greyish colored leaves and a neat up-right trunk. Join our email list for product updates and other news. 2004. Other uses include fence poles, mine props, knobkerries, railway-sleepers, mortars for stamping grain. It is called the leadwood (Combretum imberbe) in English as its wood is the heaviest in the world. This is a protected tree in the RSA. These scaly leaves help to give the tree an overall grey appearance (first photo). The Roman naturalist Pliny (the Elder), who died observing the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79, wrote about a plant called Combretum. © West Penn Hardwoods 2020. Foden, W. & Potter, L. 2005. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. The upper surface may have a few hairs and, on the lower surface, hairs may occur on the veins. The often wavy Margin (photo 359) is entire (with a continuous margin, not in any way indented – photo 112). Spikes occur at the ends of branches or in leaf axils. It is difficult to use for furniture but is well suited to turning and carving and has even been used for machine bearing. The simple, oblong leaves are arranged oppositely and silvery grey in colour with red scales. Each spike may bear up to 30 flowers. The Leadwood tree, Combretum Imberbe, is part of the plant family Combretaceae, which has at least 250 species. (Nov-Mar). The silvery-green leaves are unusually small for a Combretum. & Diels, Combretum primigenum Engl. Balkema, Amsterdam, Cape Town. Combretum imberbe Wawra. The RSA genera with Trees include Combretum, Lumnitzera, Pteleopsis and Terminalia. The simple and usually entire Leaves lack stipules. The simple and usually … It has an inferior Ovary with a single Style. p1645. The smallish – up to 8 x 3cm (usually smaller) leaves are simple (have a single blade which may have incisions that are not deep enough to divide the leaf into leaflets). This usually single stemmed Tree may become large – up to 20m+ high with a grey-green appearance (photo 13). Keith Coates Palgrave Trees of Southern Africa, edn 3. According to Herero storytellers it was out of the first Omumborombonga tree that the first human beings (a man and a woman) came forth. dielsii Engl., Combretum imberbe Wawra var. The RSA genera with trees include Combretum, Lumnitzera, Pteleopsis and Terminalia. & van Wyk, P. 1997 Field guide to Trees of Southern Africa. & Schmidt, E. 2018. Letchwe (antelope) – with their recurved horns, which are found beyond the northern boarders of the RSA, also eat the leaves. The preferred plant species included: Julbernardia globiflora (Mutondo); Brachystegia spiciformis (Musasa); Terminalia sericea (Mususu); Brachystegia boehmii (Mupfuti); Combretum imberbe (Mutsviri); Combretum molle (Mubondo) and Burkea africana (Mukarati). Species Description So named for its significant weight and density, this South African wood is seldom seen in the US in lumber form. Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and the Kruger National Park. Double Story Books, Cape Town. The many fruits are usually up to 1,5cm long but might be slightly longer. The Gum is edible but the Seeds may be poisonous. Assessors: 2005 (W. Foden and L. Potter). Conservation: National Status: L C. (Least Concern). Combretum imberbe Combretacaceae (White Mangrove Family) Leadwood Southern Africa to Tanzania Irritant Skin Cordia alliodora Boraginaceae Freijo Southern Mexico to Brazil Irritant, Sensitizer, Thirst Skin, Gastro-intestinal Cordia dodecandra Boraginaceae Ziricote Mexico, Central America Irritant, Sensitizer Skin, Cross reactivity to other woods Leadwood Tree or Ivory Tree, Combretum imberbe, is a tropical, slow-growing, deciduous tree of about 21 m tall. It is very dense which makes it great for turning and polishes well. Previous Names: Combretum primigenum. In the RSA, there are 5 genera and 41 species. In this family, there are about 16 genera, which contain about 530 species. Leadwood is generally available in smaller turning stock and is very durable. About Elitana Sibanda Elitana Sibanda is a South African artist that carves all his artwork pieces out of one piece of wood. Latin: Combretum imberbe Origin: From South Africa to Tanzania. The trunk is up to 1,5m wide. They occur in the warm dry bushveld along rivers and watercourses. It … It has a large taproot and well-developed lateral roots. This deciduous tree has simple Leaves that lack stipules. 539. There are 8 Stamens in 2 whorls and there is a single Pistil (a unit of the Gynoecium, the female element of the flower, composed of the Ovary, Style and Stigma). Trees of CC Africa. The fruit is the smallest of the Combretum species. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Young plants are sensitive to frost but are drought resistant. Name derivation: Combretum – climbing plant. ... At 1180 kg/m3 leadwood is the heaviest wood on earth, a fact referred to by the English common name. This slow growing Tree with its dense wood is the tallest Combretum and may reach 20+m high. Coates Palgrave, M. 2002. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity and Wood Dust Safety for more information. So named for its significant weight and density, this South African wood is seldom seen in the US in lumber form. There are usually twice the number of stamens as sepals or petals. Grow these trees from Seeds. Wawra is a slow-growing deciduous tree, with some individuals in South Africa documented at over 1,000 years old. They are greyish green above and lighter below (photo 942). Required fields are marked *. Can't Find That Perfect Wood Slab? The 4 free, very short, hairless Petals are obovate (the reverse of ovate, the terminal half broader than the basal). It is rough and divided into smallish blocks with near parallel sides running lengthwise and irregular transverse cracks up to 1cm deep. Dead branches tend to remain on the tree. Grains are straight or irregular, and knots are not uncommon. With the aid of the wings, the seeds are wind-dispersed to about 50m. Grains are straight or irregular, and knots are not uncommon. van Wyk, B. Extracts from leaves have some antibacterial activity. South Africa north to Tanzania. of Combretum imberbe wood ashes at 2% and 5% w/w was included. Related Links. The Leadwood Tree (Combretum imberbe) News - Environment | 2015-01-15 Page no: 8. Common names: Hardekool, Elephant Trunk, Tusk Tree, Ivory tree, Ironwood, Bastard Yellow Wood, Leadwood. Media in category "Combretum imberbe"The following 23 files are in this category, out of 23 total. Allergies/Toxicity: Although there are no specific reports on Combretum imberbe, other species in the Combretum genus (particularly C. kraussii) have been reported to cause skin irritation. Leadwood (Combretum imberbe) The 3,000-year-old tree A leadwood tree is certainly one of the most iconic trees, found in the Kruger National Park - the light grey bark with a “little blocks” appearance stands out from all the other trees. It is used for carving, furniture, turnings and other small projects. Your email address will not be published. Leaves are reported to have a low protein content. The simple, oblong leaves are arranged oppositely and silvery grey in colour with red scales. This, the tallest of the Combretum species, is very slow growing. The initially pale yellowish green Fruit is a small Samara (a dry, indehiscent winged fruit. Flowers are vertically divisible into similar halves by more than 1 plane passing through the axis.). Pooley’s Trees of eastern South Africa. It is very dense which makes it great for turning and polishes well. (Bushwlillow family). A medium to large tree between 7 and 15 m in height, occurring at medium to low altitudes, in mixed woodlands. Publishing Print Matters (Pty) Ltd.  Noordhoek, Cape Town. The main branches are large, located high up and a have a rounded, spreading Crown. • The wood is dense and very hard, difficult to plane, but drills, sands and turns well. Several plant parts are used in traditional med… (Feb-Jun but fruit may persist on the tree for a long time). Live edge slabs - in raw slab form or professionally finished live edge furniture form. It is termite resistant. The fruit eventually becomes brown or straw-coloured. Interpreting Wetland Status. (Bushwlillow family). The wood is durable but is difficult to work. The wood is very hard, difficult to work, and termite resistant. Commercially available in small volumes, can be supplied in planks, turnings, turning blanks and furniture. Weighing 1,130kg/m3 at a SG of 12% the timber is hard, heavy and durable. Leadwood is known for its hard and heavy wood, which is sometimes used for interior decoration purposes. Eco Travel Africa tourist information guide to the Leadwood - Combretum imberbe found in Southern Africa ... Because of the wood being so hard and difficult to work with, it is not suitable for the making of furniture. Hardy, huge, deciduous tree which can grow to tremendous old age. Other good “fuel” trees include Colophospermum mopane and Grewia caffra. Palmer, E. & Pitman, N. 1972. The small, sweetly scented, initially green Flowers become yellowish. One of these is called leadwood or wawra (Combretum imberbe), a member of the Combretaceae. The snakeskin-like bark is one of the main features that make identification easier throughout the season. However, it turns well and has been used for ornaments. This plant has no children Legal Status. Tenth Printing 1965. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban. http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/voteplant.php, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combretum_imberbe, http://www.daff.gov.za/doaDev/sideMenu/ForestryWeb/dwaf/cmsdocs/Elsa/Docs/PT/Combretum%20Imberbe%20Report%202003.pdf, http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?h=M4,imberbe&p=Combretum+imberbe, http://posa.sanbi.org/flora/browse.php?src=SP, Your email address will not be published. Feb 2020 trees-4-zambia stock list Gives numbers sizes and prices. Combretum imberbe belongs to the Combretaceae family, which comprises a total of 20 genera and 500 species in the tropics and subtropics of the world. Wood Slabs is your direct from the mill supplier of exotic hardwood slabs and thick lumber. Struik, Cape Town. Struik, Cape Town. The Ash has been used for toothpaste and as a substitute for whitewash. The C. imberbe 5% treatment was equally effective as ASD in reducing grain damage in cowpeas over a 16 week storage period. The silvery-green leaves are unusually small for a Combretum. The single Bowl (a single unbranched stem, the trunk) can reach 1,5m wide. It needs sharp tools. The Apex is blunt, notched or rounded and may have a fine, twisted, hair-like tip (photo 116). The boiled Roots can be used to tan leather. The bole, which is usually crooked, can be up to 100cm in diameter [ 299 Protabase - … This may refer to the relatively few hairs on the leaves. While most of the species in the combretum family are small to medium sized trees or shrubs, the Leadwood is one of the largest trees in Africa, capable of attaining a height of 20 meters. The Petiole (leaf stalk) is up to 1cm long but usually about half this length. In southern Africa there are 41 species in five genera, including Combretum, Pteleopsis, Quisqualis, Terminalia, and Lumnitzera (Bredenkamp 2000). Combretum imberbe has a non-aggressive root system and can be planted in larger gardens. Click on the link. Firewood and construction wood ranked as the most important tree products used. It may also damage tools used to cut and shape it. Edible gum is obtained from the tree and used for confectionary. RSA Tree No. Wetland Status. The pale Bark can be almost white, to dark grey (photos 87 & 358). Combretum imberbe is a hardy, slow growing, bulky, deciduous tree which can grow to tremendous old age. The leaves are eaten as green vegetable. Branches are reddish brown to light grey. Growth is slow and some trees have been carbon-dated to over 1 000 years old. The wings are papery and develop from the ovary wall). ... Combretum imberbe. Combretum imberbe is the tallest of all the South African combretums. There seems to be scope for considerable doubt as to what he meant by this name, as Smith & Stearn (1963) indicate a climber of unspecified identity, and Lewis & Short (1879) suggest a rush, possibly Juncus maximus. Common names: (A) Hardekool, Hardekoolboom, Loodhout, Menshoutboom, Opregtehardekool, (E) Bastard Yellow Wood, Elephant Trunk, Ivory Tree, Lead Wood, Leadwood, (ND) Imonso, (TW) Motswiri, (V) Mudzwiri, Muheri, (Z) Im-pondondlovu. LEADWOOD 1.5x1.5x12 -40% OFF REG PRICE OF $24.55, LEADWOOD 1.5x1.5x6 -40% OFF REG PRICE OF $12.50. Small, bisexual, regular Flowers with 8 stamens are in dense spikes. It was once used for railway sleepers and is now prized as wood for ornamental work and furniture. This is a protected tree in the RSA. Elephant eat both leaves and young branches. The Macmillan Company, New York. Excessive harvesting of these trees may be a future concern. Food. The inferior Ovary has 1 locule and usually only 1 of the ovules develops into a seed. Trees and Shrubs Mozambique. The four Wings have dense silvery scales, which are clearly visible with a hand lens. Flowers are usually bisexual. The results are discussed in the context of sustainable use of the plants by resource poor farmers. All rights reserved. Leadwood refers to the high density of the wood. A harvesting height of 1m is suggested to allow coppicing. The Herero and Ovambo regard this as an ancestral tree from which animals and people came. The flowers are yellowish-green in loose spikes and with four wings. Combretum imberbe Wawra – leadwood Subordinate Taxa. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. The annual rings are unclear (photos 191). The Base is broadly to narrowly tapering and may be asymmetric. It is, in fact, a fairly common sight at Singita’s South African properties (albeit with more blue sky! The wood is also an excellent slow-burning fuel. The fine-grained Wood is very hard and dense (1 200+kg per cubic metre and will thus easily sink in fresh water). The tree can be Found in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, Swaziland, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Botswana, Mozambique (mainly central and southern), Tanzania, Zambia, Angola and Namibia. Fruit is a 4-winged, indehiscent samara. Combretum imberbe. Combretum imberbe is a deciduous shrub or tree with a spreading crown, most commonly 6 - 10 metres tall, though it can also often be found up to 20 metres tall, with reports of some trees reaching 30 metres. Its heartwood is a robust medium to dark brown (sometimes with a reddish tint), and is known to darken with age; sapwood is pale yellow. imberbe – beardless / lack of hairs. Each fruit contains a single Seed.
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